Evaporator.



A. S. MORRIS. EVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED I'EB.19, 1913.

1 59 56 Patented Aug. 5, 1.913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

1 3 7 III/I III A A. S. MORRIS.

EVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.19,1913.

1 069 566, Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

m sata aper FFIQ.

ANTHONY sanNnnas MUREIS, or DELAWARE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, assieuoa T0 mamas nvazeoroa COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A coa- PORATIOH OF PENNSYLVANIA.

EVAPORATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 19, 1913. Serial No. 749,486.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTHONY SAUNDERS MoRRIs, a citizen of the United States, residing in Delaware county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Evaporators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to evaporator-s of the vertical tube film type in which the liquid in film fprm travels up the walls of heated tubes.

One object of my invention is to improve the distribution of the liquid to the tubes as it enters the base of the evaporator, so that all of said tubes receive substantially the same amount of liquid.

In the accompanying drawings ;F igure 1 is a vertical section of the base portion of an evaporator illustrating my invention as applied thereto; Fig. 2, is an inverted sectional plan on the line a-a, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a sectional plan on the line Z' b, Fig. 1; the evaporating tubes being shown in dotted lines; and Figs. 4 and 5, are vertical sections similar .to Fig. 1, illustrating modifications of my invention.

In the above drawings I have illustrated only the base of an evaporator as the invention relates wholly to the means for regulating the supplyof liquid or liquid and vapor to the tubes. In order to gain the best results under operating conditions the liquid should be'fed to the tubes in such a manner that each of them receives the same amount, or its proper proportion, of the liquid passing through the apparatus, and to accomplish this end I provide the supply chamber with several outlets. Each of these latter supplies a certain number ofevaporating tubes within a prescribed radius, although the chamber into which said outlets open is common to all of said tubes.

The shell or casing forming the steam chamber or heating space of the evaporator is indicated at l and this has a flange 2 for the attachment of a flanged breech piece 3 having a cover 4. Mounted between the breech piece and the casing 1 is a tube sheet 23 through which the vertical evaporating tubes 5 extend downwardly into a chamber 6 formed in the breech piece so as to terminate some distance from the bottom of said chamber, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1. In the present instance each tube is slotted,

to regulate the flow of liquid and vapor into the tubes, though these tubes may be perforated or their ends may be beveled, as desired. Under operating conditions hot liquid or liquid and vapor is delivered as hereafter described into the chamber 6 and.

such liquid with the vapor passes up the tubes;

Patented Aug. a, rate.

orming in a thin film on the inner L walls of the latter, while the vapor which enters with the liquid, as well as that pro:

duced by the evaporation, forms a central core traveling upward in each tube withthe liquid, and tends to spread and maintain said liquid in a thin film upon the surface of the tubes. 1

Spaced away from the outer wall within the breech piece is an annular partition 8 forming an annular inlet passage or duct 9, Y

separate from the central feed chamber 6. Opening into this passage is an inlet 10 for the liquid or liquid and vapor, while on the opposite side is a clean out opening 11' communicating with the central chamber 6 and provided with a cap 12. v

In the cdver 4 is a series of radial channels 13, which communicate at their outer ends with the annular duct 9 and respectively connect at their inner ends with vertical tubes 14 preferably less in area of cross section than the channels. These extend upwardly into the chamber 6 and terminate some distance below the tube sheet 23, but-- above the ends of. the tubes so that when the liquid or liquid and vapor enters the annular duct 9 it passes through the radial channels 13 and up the supply tubes 14, from which it escapes into the chamber 6. If supplied under suflicient pressure the liquid will beprojected against the tube plate 23 and will fall back onto the surface of the liquid already in the chamber.

The tubes 14 are preferably spaced a uni form distance apart and are so arranged that each tube is at or about the center of a group of evaporating tubes so that there is an even distribution of the liquid to the various evaporating tubes within the chamber 6. In the present instance I form a central opening in the cover 4 and normally close it by a cap 15 so that access may be had to the central evaporating tubes and to the chamber 6. In'line with the vertical tubes 14 are plugs 16, which are mounted inthe cover 4 so as to be removable when it is Wished to gain access to the said tubes. The entire cover may be removed when it is necessary to gain access to a group of evaporating tubesor to the chamber 6 or the annular duct 9.

In Fig. 4, I have illustrated the annular supply duct formed in the cover instead of in the breech piece; this latter in such case simply forming the chamber 6 into which the lower ends of the evaporating tubes project. The annular supply duct or passage 17, formed in the cover 18 therefore communicates with radial passages 19 which in turn communicate with the tubes 14, there being an inlet 21 opening into said duct for the admission of the liquid or liquid and vapor.

In Fig. 5, I have shown another modification of my invention in which the radial passages 22 are supplied from an inlet pipe 24 placed at substantially the center of the evaporating or heating tu cover.

From the above it will be seen that in all the cases illustrated I secure a substantially uniform distribution of licgiid to all of the 1. The combination in an evaporator, of a casing having a chamber; a series of evaporating tubes extending into the chamber; said evaporator having an inlet passage and a number of separate channels communicating with said passage; and a tube extending into the chamber from each of said channels.

:2. The combination in an evaporator of a casing having achamber; a series of evaporating tubes extending into the chamber; said evaporator having an inlet passage and separate channels communicating with the same; with vertical tubes projecting into the chamber and terminating above the ends of the evaporating tubes; said vertical tubes being spaced apart so that each of them will supply a definite number of evaporating tubes and each vertical tube communicating with one of the channels, the channels being greater in area of crosssection than the vertical tubes.

3. The combination in an evaporator, of a casing having a chamber; a series of evaporating tubes extending into the chamher; and means for supplying liquid or liquid and vapor to said chamber at a number of points, the same including a structure having a supply passage; a series of radiating passages communicating with said passage; and a series of distributing pipes respectively connected to the radiating passages.

4. The combination in an evaporator, of a casing, a breech piece secured to the casing and forming a chamber; a cover closing the bottom of the breech piece; evaporating tubes extending into said chamber; the evaporator being provided with an annular duct and there being channels in the cover communicating with said duct; with a series of supply pipes projecting into the chamber from the cover and respectively communicating with said channels.

5. The combination in an evaporator, of a'casing, a breech piece secured to the casing and forming a chamber, a cover closing the bottom of the breech piece; evaporating tubes extending into said chamber; there being an annular duct in the breech piece and channels in the cover communicating with said duct; with a series of supply pipes projecting into the chamber from the cover and reipectively communicating with said channe s.

6. The combination in an evaporator, of a casing; a breech piece having a chamber; a tube sheet between the casing and the breech piece; evaporating tubes extending through the tube sheet and into the chamber; a cover closin the bottom of the breech piece; a partition in the breech piece forming an annular duct; there being an inlet passage and distributing channels communicating so with the duct; and vertical supply pipes projecting intothe chamber formed in the breech piece and communicating with said distributing channels, said supply pipes extending above the lower ends of the evapq rating tubes.

7. he combination in an evaporator, of a casing, a breech piece having a chamber therein; a tube sheet between the breech piece and the casing; a series of vertical evaporating tubes extending through the tube sheet and into the chamber said breech piece having an annular passage provided with an inlet; a cover closing the bottom of the breech piece and having a central opening communicating withthe chamber in the breech piece; a cap for the said opening; the cover also having a series of radial passages communicating at their outer ends with the annular passage in the breech piece; with vertical supply pipes communicating with the radial passages and projecting from the cover intothe' chamber; said tubes terminating shortof the tube sheet and above the lower ends of the evaporating tubes.

8. The combination of a casing; a breech piece; a cover for the breech piece; an annular partition in the breech piece forming a central chamber and an annular duct; there being an inlet for supplying liquid or liquid and vapor to the duct; a tube sheet; vertically arranged evaporating tubes in the casing having their ends extending.

reeaaee cally arranged tubes extending from the cover into the central chamber and terminating shortcf the tube sheet, said' tubes communicating with the radial passages in the cover.

9. The combination of a casing; a breech piece having an annular duct and a central chamber; a tube sheet mounted between the breech piece and the casing; a series of vertically arranged evaporating tubes in the casing having their ends extending through the tube sheet and into the central chamber of the breech piece; there being a supply passage communicating with the duct and an opening communicating with the chamber; a cover secured to'the breech piece having a central opening and radiating passages communicating at their outer ends with the duct; vertical pipes connecting the radiating passages with the chamber of the breech; and a cap closing the central opening of the cover.

10. The combination of a casing; a breech piece; a cover; a tube sheet between the casing and the breech piece; a'series of vertical tubes in the casing having their ends extending through the tube sheet into the chamber formed by the breech piece, the cover and the tube sheet; a series of vertical supply pipesprojecting from the cover into said chamber; means for supplying liquid or liquid and vapor to said pipes; there being normally closed openings in the cover in line with the pipes.

11. The combination in a tubular evaporater; or" a casing; a breech piece mounted under the casing; a cover secured to the bottom of the breech piece; a tube sheet mounted between the casing and the breech piece; an annular partition within the breech piece forming a central chamber between the tube sheet and the cover, and an annular duct; said breech piece having a supply opening communicating with the duct; a series of evaporating tubes within the casing having their ends extending through the tube sheet into the chamber and terminating short of the bottom thereof; the cover having a series of radiating passages communicating at their outer ends with the annular duct in the breech piece; supply pipes mounted in the cover in communication with the radial passages and extending vertically into the chamber of the breech piece; said pipes terminating at a level above the ends of the evaporating tubes below the tube sheet; there being plugged openings in the cover in line with the supply pipes and also a central opening communicating with the chamber; a cap for said opening; the breech piece having also a lateral opening communicating with the chamber and provided with a cap.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ANTHONY SAUNDERS MORRIS.

Witnesses:

LUCY SHAW TURNER, MAGDALENA BENZ. 

